Therapeutic ResistAnce and Clonal Evolution Assessed With Liquid Biopsy in ICIs Treated NSCLC Patients

To evaluate the predictive value of ctDNA in response, relapse for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors or targeted therapy for ALK, ROS1, MET ex14 skipping.

Inclusion Criteria: * Provision of informed consent * Newly diagnosed and histological or cytological confirmed stage IIIB-IV lung adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma patients according to the AJCC staging system. The stage IV lung cancer and brain metastasis can be diagnosed by imaging and enhanced CT respectively * No EGFR mutation in tissue and ctDNA * Received immune checkpoint inhibitors as the first line therapy * ECOG performance status 0-2 with expected more than 6 months of survival time * Willingness to comply with required protocols and give permission to use the data for clinical research and products development Exclusion Criteria: * Patients have other primary cancers * Patients have symptomatic brain metastasis, complications that are associated with brain metastasis or cognitive disorders * Patients failed in either plasma or tissue sample QC