Imaging mGluR5 and Synaptic Density in Psychiatric Disorders

This research study is designed to look at the involvement of the glutamate system and synaptic density in depression and bipolar disorder. Each participant will undergo a screening appointment to determine study eligibility. Thereafter, the study will take 2 or 3 visits depending on schedule availability and will consist of a combination of one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan, one proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and/or one C13 MRS scans, and up to two positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Participants will also participate in cognitive testing. Depending on camera time, staff availability and subject schedule, total study participation may last 1-2 months.

Inclusion Criteria: * General inclusion criteria: 18-80 years old English speaking -Inclusion criteria for healthy controls: no current, or history of any DSM-5 diagnosis * Inclusion criteria for MDD subjects clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder * Inclusion criteria for bipolar subjects clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder Exclusion Criteria: * Current or past significant medical, neurological, or metabolic disorder * history of head injury that led to significant long term decline in cognitive abilities as seen by decline in grades or work performance * history of significant medical illness such that would contraindicate study participation based on above criteria and PI/MD history review * Active, significant suicidal ideation * Implanted metallic devices or any MR contraindications * women who are pregnant or breastfeeding * Met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)-5 criteria for mild substance use disorder in the past 6 months or moderate to severe substance use disorder within the past year (except marijuana or nicotine) * history of prior radiation exposure for research purposes within the past year such that participation in this study would place them over FDA limits for annual radiation exposure. This guideline is an effective dose of 5 rem received per year * Current, past, or anticipated exposure to radiation in the work place within one year of proposed research PET scans * Blood donation within 8 weeks of the start of the study * History of a bleeding disorder or currently taking anticoagulants (such as Coumadin, Heparin, Pradaxa, Xarelto)