The Effects of Chewing Gum on a Computer Task and Liking Ratings of Ice Cream

The purpose of this study is to examine if chewing gum before an eating bout will increase the rate of habituation and subsequently reduce energy intake within the eating bout.

Inclusion Criteria: * age between 18 and 40 years * of normal weight (body mass index \[BMI\] between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2) * unrestrained eater (scoring less than/equal to 12 on the restraint scale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire \[TFEQ15\]) * non-smoker (not having smoked or used tobacco products for a year or more) * like and are willing to eat (greater than/equal to 50mm on a 100mm visual analogue scale \[VAS\]) MCC ice cream Exclusion Criteria: * have any health condition that requires a specific dietary prescription (i.e., diabetes) * are unable to chew the gum for the time required in the investigation; 3) do not like the flavors of gum used in the investigation * are allergic to any ingredients in the foods used in the investigation * are lactose-intolerant * plan to make any changes in dietary intake or physical activity over the course of the study * score \>20 on the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT8) * score \>16 on the Binge Eating Scale (BES10) * are not able to stay within the metropolitan area within the time frame of the investigation * are pregnant, lactating, or plan to become pregnant during the investigation * are taking any type of medication that influences appetite.